Human Resource Management Essay Example for Free

Human Resource Management Essay Executive Summery TEVTA was formed by an Ordinance No XXIV of 1999 promulgated by Governor of the Punjab. Government of Punjab passed an ordinance to provide for the constitution of the Technical Education and Vocational Training Authority (TEVTA) of the Punjab. The prime aim of TEVTA is to provide technically and skilled trained human resources to the Industry in the province, as per their demand. Another function of TEVTA is Develop and offer Need Based Short Courses in the sector of new technologies to the Industry and also to offer services for solutions regarding associated production problems and establish a Staff Development System to offer demand oriented teacher instructor training and upgrading performance. TEVTA Regulate and develop standards of technical education and vocational training including internationally recognized curriculum, examination and certification system and assess the Manpower Training Needs in the context of domestic and global markets. Technical Education and Vocational Training Authority (TEVTA) was set up by Government of the Punjab for promoting enhancing technical education vocational training in the province. TEVTA is operating about 25 Technical institutes/colleges, 114 commerce colleges, 303 vocational institutes and 17 Service Centres total 472 Institutions for this purpose more than 11000 Staff is working under its umbrella. TEVTA also providing Training to their employees and students all over the Punjab in various technical courses. There are two sub-departments of Human Resource Management department. One is Training Department and second one is Career Planning department. This report briefly discussing the functions of HR department in TEVTA. This report also including the suggestions and points out the area in improvements can be. In this report I briefly discussed the business sector of TEVTA organization, history of the organization, nature of the organization, service lines of TEVTA organization. I have also presented the organization hierarchy chart with details of each department and introduction, I have also given the comments on organization structure that what is the impact of organization hierarchy on different factors and I VIRTUAL UNIVERISTY OF PAKISTAN vii TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING AUTHORITY viii have also discussed the decision making impact, chain of command and span of control. I have also discussed the brief introduction of my department where I worked in and wrote the detailed description of operation and activities of the departments I worked in. Next I described HRM department hierarchy and its subdepartments. Next I explained the HR needs, sources of candidates, employment selection process, Training Need Assessment (TNA), Performance Appraisal, types of compensation and benefits, organization job changes, separations, layoff, labour management relations, terminations, resignation and retirement I have also discussed the promotion, transfer, demotion. After going through all these topics I have also included Critical Analysis and SWOT analysis of organization in the service sector. After that reader will find conclusion and recommendation for improvement of services. In this report I have explained all my observations and experience got in TEVTA during my internship tenure regarding HRD, recruitment and selectio n, performance appraisal. I go into the assignments with details given by the internship supervisors with detail of each assignment. I spent good time in learning and learnt to deal with different situations and had experience of organization environment. I would like to highlight that my experience with TEVTA organization was very memorable and full of learning’s. VIRTUAL UNIVERISTY OF PAKISTAN viii TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING AUTHORITY. ix Table of Contents S. No Description Introduction Of Technical Education Sector 8-Brief introduction of the organization’s business sector 9-Overview of TEVTA a. History b. Nature of TEVTA c. Business volume d. Product lines e. Competitors 10-Organizational Structure a. Organizational Hierarchy chart b. Number of employees c. Main offices d. Introduction of all departments e. Comments on the organizational structure 11-Plan Of Your Internship Program a. Introduction of TEVTA Secretariat Lahore b. Starting ending dates of internship c. Description of the departments 12-Training Program a. Descriptions of the operations/activities of the departments b. Descriptions of the tasks assigned 13-Structure Of The HR Department a. Department hierarchy b. Number of employees c. Descriptions of Sub Departments. 14-Functions of HR Department a. Human resource planning and forecasting ? HRP process ? Forecasting HR requirements ? Methods to forecast HR needs b. Employees Recruitment Selection ? Sources of candidates ? Employment selection process c. Training Development ? Training need assessment ? Employee development Page No 1 3 4 4 4 9 10 13 13 14 22 24 25 25 26 28 36 36 36 39 39 39 41 41 42 46 VIRTUAL UNIVERISTY OF PAKISTAN ix TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING AUTHORITY x d. Performance Management ? Setting performance standards expectations ? How performance reports are written e. Employee Compensation Benefits ? Type of compensation benefits f. Organizational Career Management ? Employee job changes ? Job changes with the organization ? Promotion ? Transfer ? Demotion ? Separations ? Layoff ? Termination ? Resignation ? Retirement g. Labor Management Relations 15-Critical Analysis a. Success and failure b. Future prospects 16-SWOT Analysis a. Strengths b. Weaknesses c. Opportunities d. Threats 17-Conclusion Evaluation Assessment 18-Recommendations For Improvement Solution of Discrepancies 19-Reference Sources Used 20-Annexes 46 47 56 57 57 57 57 58 59 59 60 60 61 62 65 66 67 68 68 67 70 71 72 VIRTUAL UNIVERISTY OF PAKISTAN x TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING AUTHORITY 1 8-Brief introduction of the organization’s business sector The nature of this organization is to develop a skilled workforce for the local industry. TEVTA develops the skilled and technically experienced workforce for local industries. TEVTA also provides business solutions to industrial units. TEVTA playing very important role for Re-engineering and consolidate the existing technical education and vocational training system under one management structure. TEVTA Established close relationships with various sectors of economy namely Agriculture, industry, Services and Commerce. TEVTA Regulate and develop standards of technical education and vocational training including internationally recognized curriculum, examination and certification system and assess the Manpower Training Needs in the context of domestic and global markets. Another function of TEVTA is Develop and offer Need Based Short Courses in the sector of new technologies to the Industry and also to offer services for solutions regarding associated production problems and establish a Staff Development System to offer demand oriented teacher instructor training and upgrading performance. E D U C A T I O N T R A I N I N G SE C T O R Labour Market Bachelor of Technology (B. Tech. ) Diploma of Associate Engineers (D. A. E. ) Technical Education M. Com. B. Com. D. Com DBA Apprenticeship Training Certificate G-II G-III Certificate. Vocational Diploma/ Certificate Commerce Education Vocational Training High School Middle School Primary School VIRTUAL UNIVERISTY OF PAKISTAN 1 TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING AUTHORITY 2 TEVTA is engaged in imparting technical education and vocational training through its 472 institutions which fall under the below mentioned categories. ? ? ? ? ? ? Government Technical Training Centres Government Technical Training Institutes Government Vocational Training Institutes Government Commercial Training Institutes Government Polytechnic Institutes Government Colleges of Technology. TEVTA in service sector also providing technical solutions to the industry. It registers the organizations through website interface and provides the solution of their problems registered with TEVTA. Courses of different levels and of different duration are being offered in TEVTA institutions to address the public and employer’s demand. In addition to vocational / technical courses of up to 3 years. â€Å"Degree courses for B-Com, B-Tech (Pass) and B-Tech (Honour) are also offered in Government Colleges of Commerce and Government Colleges of Technology†. In education sector TEVTA provides the cheapest education and training to their students that low cost syllabus books and practical and in some cases TEVTA charge no fee from students, free training materials is provided by the institutions and students are supported with stipend. TEVTA in education sector providing technical, commerce and vocational training education and occupied the large part of technical education sector in Punjab. All institutes registered with TEVTA are funded by TEVTA. TEVTA approves PC-1 and issues the finance to the concerned institutes. TEVTA helps all registered institutes with procurement, purchasing machinery and construction of institute buildings. TEVTA is in direct relationship with industry sector, education sector, agriculture, commerce and service sector. TEVTA develops the curricula with the consultation of industry sector like leather, textile and agriculture. VIRTUAL UNIVERISTY OF PAKISTAN 2 TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING AUTHORITY 3 9-Overview of the organization TEVTA is a Technical Education Vocation Training Authority board who is responsible for the technical education training throughout the Punjab. It is formed by an Ordinance No. XXIV of 1999 promulgated by the Governor of the Punjab to fulfil the needs, wants and workforce of local industry by utilizing the vast network of training institutions. a. History TEVTA in collaboration with Chambers of Commerce Industry, Lahore has established its help-Desk within the premises of Chambers of Commerce Industry, Lahore. To assist/help the local industry by utilizing its vast network of training institutions, qualified and experienced faculty, to achieve the objectives of the project. Before TEVTA many technical institutes were working independently or under PSIC (Punjab Small Industries Export Corporation). PSIC was established by the government of Punjab to support, development and promotion of all small industrial units in Punjab. In 1999 PSIC handover many technical institutes to TEVTA authority. In 1999 TEVTA started work and start serving the all technical institutes in the Punjab and conduct first academic session in Punjab. In 1999 all technical institutes in Punjab started registration with TEVTA authority. The session was conducted of all technical institutes in 1999. The TEVTA board was fully functional at the end of year 1999 and all academic activities started under TEVTA board in 1999. Mission Statement To enhance global competitiveness in Punjab, through a quality and productive workforce by developing demand driven standardized, dynamic and integrated technical education and vocational training service. Service Volume TEVTA’s business volume is spread through out the Punjab serving 459 colleges. TEVTA has 17 Service Centres in all over the Punjab, providing services to all the institutes. And PBTE (Punjab Board of Technical Education) is also working under TEVTA. 45000 students enrol every year in TEVTA and PBTE. 3 VIRTUAL UNIVERISTY OF PAKISTAN TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING AUTHORITY 4 b. Nature of TEVTA TEVTA is a vocational authority board who is responsible for vocation training all over the Punjab. For this purpose TEVTA board has established PBTE (Punjab Board of Technical Education). There are 472 vocational colleges who are working under TEVTA. TEVTA provides full funds and services to all registered institutes. And planning, organizing, leading and controlling all vocational institutes. The nature of this organization is to develop skilled workforce for the local and international industry. TEVTA also provides business solutions to industrial units. TEVTA playing very important role for Re-engineering and consolidate the existing technical education and vocational training system under one management structure. c. Service Lines TEVTA has a very long list of services providing. TEVTA offering many type of short and associate engineering courses in all o ver the Punjab. The list of TEVTA’s product line is given below. TEVTA providing Commerce Education, Training Education and vocation Education. d. Courses Offered Degree B. Tech Auto Diesel Chemical Civil Mechanical Refrigeration Air Conditioning Electrical Electronics Auto and Farm B. Tech (Hons) Auto Diesel Electronics and Communication Chemical Civil Mechanical Refrigeration Air Conditioning Electrical Auto Diesel Electronics and Communication DAE Duration 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years VIRTUAL UNIVERISTY OF PAKISTAN 4 TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING AUTHORITY 5. Architecture Auto Diesel Chemical Civil Mechanical Refrigeration Air Conditioning Auto and Farm Automation Bio Medical Computer Information Technology Electrical Electronic Textile Weaving Technology Foundry Pattern Making Instrumentation Printing Graphic Arts Textile Spinning Welder Food Technology Telecom Petroleum Petrochemical Dress Designing Making Diploma Diploma in Electronics Publishing Technology Higher National Diploma (Telecom) Higher National Diploma (Chemical) Higher National Diploma (Electronics) Higher National Diploma (Mechanical) Higher National Diploma (Textile) Diploma in Commerce Diploma in Information Technology Diploma in  Office Management Post Diploma Bio Medical Technology Environmental Control Technology Commerce Education Master Degree M. Com Graduation Degree B. Com Diploma (2 year) Diploma in Business Administration Diploma in Commerce Diploma in Information Technology 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years years 1 year 2 Years 2 Years 2 Years 2 Years 2 Years 2 Years 1 year 1 year 1 Year 1 Year 2 Years 2 Years 2Years 2 Years 1 Year 5 VIRTUAL UNIVERISTY OF PAKISTAN TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING AUTHORITY 6. Diploma in Vocational Girls Certificate Certificate in Computer Applications Certificate in Computer Applications Spoken English Spoken English Vocational Education Vocational Diploma (1-2 years) Diploma in Commerce Diploma in Information Technology Dress Designing Making Diploma in Vocational Girls Diploma in Vocational Girls Diploma G-II (2 years) Diploma in Commerce Diploma in Information Technology Dress Designing Making Diploma in Vocational Girls Diploma in Vocational Girls Diploma G-III (1 year) Mechanical (G-III) Refrigeration Air Conditioning (G-III) Auto and Farm (G-III) Electrical (G-III) Electronics (G-III). Auto Farm Machinery (G-III) Auto Electrician (G-III) Auto Mechanic(G Carpenter (G-III) Commercial Arts / Graphics (G-III) Computer and Electronics (G-III) Computer Operator (G-III) Draftsman Civil (G-III) Draftsman Mechanical(G Electrician (G-III) Fitter General (G-III) Industrial Electronics (G-III) Machinist (G-III) Mechanist (G-III) Painter (G-III) Electronics Application (Radio TV) (G-III) Tractor and Auto Mechanic (G-III). Welder (G-III) Computer Hardware (G-III) General Mechanic (G-III) 2 Years 3 Months 6 Months 3 Months 4 Months 2 Years 1 Year 2-Year 2 Years 2 Years 2 Years 1 Year 2-Year G-II 2 Years 2 Years 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 6 VIRTUAL UNIVERISTY OF PAKISTAN TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING AUTHORITY 7. Motor Winding (G-III) Tailoring (G-III) Wood Work (G-III) Auto Mechanic(Diesel (G-III) Auto Mechanic(Petrol) (G-III) Heating Ventilation Air Conditioning (HVACR) (G-III) Turner (G-III) Electrical Wiring Technician (G-III) Machine Shop (G-III) Bulldozer Operator (G-III) Textile Printing (G-III) Office Secretary (G-III) Mill Wright (G-III) Sports Goods Leather Work (G-III) Sports Goods Wood (G-III) Office Management Assistant (G-III) Dress Designing Making (G-III) Machine Embroidery (G-III) Beautician (G-III) Hair and skin Care (G-III) Fashion Designing (G-III) Certificate Refrigeration Air Conditioning Auto and Farm Auto Farm Machinery Auto Electrician Carpenter Computer Operator Computer Operator Electrician Machinist Mechanist Welder Driving Motor Winding Plumber Plumber Plumber Tailoring Tailoring Wood Work Auto Cad Auto Cad Auto Mechanic(Diesel) Auto Mechanic(Petrol) 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 6 6 6 6 6 3 6 6 6 6 6 3 6 3 12 6 3 6 6 3 6 6 6 7 VIRTUAL UNIVERISTY OF PAKISTAN TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING AUTHORITY 8. Certificate in Computer Applications Certificate in Computer Applications Electronics Equipment Repair Home Appliances Repair Heating Ventilation Air Conditioning Mason/Bricks Layer Tractor Operator Turner Electrical Wiring Technician Machine Shop Bulldozer Operator Sheet Metal Civil Surveyor Mobile Repairing Mobile Repairing Certificate in Computer Graphics Wireman Paint Polish Electrical Appliances Machine Process for Wood Furniture Motor Cycle Mechanic Dress Designing Making Dress Designing Making Hand Embroidery Hand Embroidery Knitting Hand Machine Embroidery Machine Embroidery Beautician Beautician Certificate Vocational Girls (1 Year Certificate). Diploma in Vocational Girls (Additional) (Diploma 1 Year) Handicraft Industrial Stitching Machine Operator Leather Work Painting Painting Rural Poultry Spoken English Spoken English Stain Glass Painting Cooking Baking Domestic Tailoring Drawing Designing Electrical Mechanical (Vocational ) 3 6 3 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 3 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 3 6 3 6 3 3 6 3 12 12 12 6 3 3 3 6 6 3 4 3 3 3 3 6 8 VIRTUAL UNIVERISTY OF PAKISTAN TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING AUTHORITY 9. Diploma in Vocational Teacher Training (Diploma 1 Year) Decoration Printing English Language e. Competitors There is not any considerable competitor in Punjab Province. 12 3 3 3 VIRTUAL UNIVERISTY OF PAKISTAN 9 TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING AUTHORITY 10 10-Organization Structure a. Organizational Hierarchy chart Organizational hierarchy is the formal framework by which job tasks are divided, grouped and coordinated. To achieve the main objective of the TEVTA structure is designed which is given asunder. Chairman TEVTA Secretary TEVTA Chairman PBTE COO Chairman TEVTA has the final authority in TEVTA to make amendments in TEVTA organization Structure. The Secretary TEVTA, COO (Chief Operating Officer) and the Chairman of PBTE (Punjab Board of Technical Education) is reported to Chairman TEVTA. Secretary TEVTA Manager P. Relations Manage HRM Manager Establishment Manager Inquiry Manager Legal All Managers of TEVTA, 1. Manager Public Relations (PR), 2. Manager Human Resource Management (HRM), 3. Manager Establishment, 4. Manager Inquiry and 5. Manager Legal matters are make reports to Secretary TEVTA. And all managers are also reported to their General Managers. COO TEVTA General Manager Finance General Manager SCs General Manager HRM General Manager Projects General Manager Operations General Manager Academic VIRTUAL UNIVERISTY OF PAKISTAN 10  TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING AUTHORITY 11 Chairman PBTE Trade Testing Board (Development Cell) General Manager Finance Manager Audit Manager Finance Manager MIS General Manager Human Resources Manager. Career Planning Manager Training General Manager Projects Manager Works General Manager Operations Manager Planning Manager Operations-I Manager Operations-II Manager Monitoring Manager Technical General Manager Academics Manager AA Manager AT Manager Curriculum Manager RD VIRTUAL UNIVERISTY OF PAKISTAN 11 TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING AUTHORITY 12 General Manager Service Centres Manager Service Centres Organization Hierarchy Chart Organization Structure Of TEVTA. Chairman TEVTA BOARD Director (RD) (D) Secretary/C. O. O. (A) District Boards of Management Chairman (PBTE) Manager PR (I) Manager Legal (C) Manager HRM (A) Manager Enquiry (S) Manager Estt (B) GM Finance (A) Manager (MIS) (M) GM (Projects) (N) Manager (Admin) (Z) Advisor (PP) (G) GM Operations (A) GM Service Center (L) GM HRM (K) GM Academics (A) Dy. GM Finance (L) Dy. GM Service Centers (O) Manager Development (N) Manager Accounts (M) Manager Finance (A) Manager Works (N) Manager Projects (N) Manager Service Centers (F) Manager Training (A/R) Manager Career Planning (P/R) Manager Ops. I (E) Manager Ops. II(E) Manager Tech. (E) Manager ME (E) ZN-N (A). ZM-C (A) ZM-S (A) Manager (AA) (M) Manager Apprenticeship (J) Manager Curriculum (A) Manager (AC) (K) 07 DMs 07 DMs 07 DMs (A) (A) (A) Principals Principals Principals VIRTUAL UNIVERISTY OF PAKISTAN 12 TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING AUTHORITY 13 b. Number of Employees Civil Employees. TEVTA Secretariat Institutes Zonal Office DM Office RDAT Development Cell Total 155 7830 24 71 58 31 8169 TEVTA Employees. 308 3285 20 162 12 2 3789 PSIC 2 663 0 0 0 0 665 Total 465 11778 44 233 70 33 12623 Vacant 145 3183 21 87 20 11 3467 c Main Offices Sr# 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. Offices Public Relation Office Gulberg Human Resource Management Office Gulberg Career Planning Office Gulberg Establishment Office Gulberg Operations Management Offices Gulberg Inquiry Office Gulberg Research and Development Office Gulberg Curriculum Office Gulberg Service Centers Office Gulberg Training Office Gulberg AD Office Gulberg Academic Audit Office Gulberg Project Management Office Gulberg Administration Office Gulberg Examination and Certification Office Gulberg Govt. Institute of Leather Technology, Gujranwala. Cutlery Small Tools Industry Service Centre, Wazirabad. Light Engineering Service Centre, Gujranwala. Institute of Ceramics, Gujrat. Wood Working Service Centre, Gujrat. Govt. Wool Spinning Weaving Cum-Training Centre, Jhang Centre for Agricultural Machinery Industries, Govt. Weaving Finishing Institute, Shahdara. Govt. Polytechnic Institute, Shahdara. Pak German Institute of Cooperative Agriculture, Multan Institute of Blue Pottery Development, Multan (Productive/Service Centre) 13 VIRTUAL UNIVERISTY OF PAKISTAN TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING AUTHORITY 14 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. Wood Work Centre, Kot Addu (Productive/Service Centre) Wood Working Service Centre, Rawalpindi Metal Industry Development Centre, Sialkot Cantt. Govt. Weaving Finishing Centre Shahdara Knitwear Hosiery Centre, Faisalabad d. Introduction of All Departments Human Resource Management Department. The main function of Human Resource Management department is to recruitment, conducting staff training, handling pension cases, handling promotion cases, enquiry matters, service matters, amendments in service rules and union matters. Main functions of HRM department. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Employee’s performance evaluation Evaluation performance and improve organizational performance Job Evaluation Job  analysis Develop job Descriptions/positions according to the organization needs. Staffing. Issuance of vacancies of civil employees. Employee’s promotions and transfers. Recruitment and selection of people. Record Maintenance. Training Department Training department is a sub department of Human Resources department. Training department is responsible for conducting training programs. Training department assess the weak areas of the organization’s employees and conduct the training program for them. If there is any development in TEVTA curriculum and sallybus then training department conduct the training program for teacher for effectiveness in studies. Main functions of Training Department. ? Study gap analysis. 14 VIRTUAL UNIVERISTY OF PAKISTAN TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING AUTHORITY 15 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Trraining need assessment.. All skill up-gradation trainings. Pedagogy Trainigs. Matters relating with curriculum % manuals. Create training or development specification. Plan training and evaluation. Prepare Annual Training Plan/ Calendar. Finalization of Nominations, Venue Master Trainer Monitoring of Training activity. Proposal of nominations after short listing. Forward Nominations to PD. Preparation of cost / budget estimates release of funds. At the end of training program conducting Feedback from students. Data entry in MIS. Career Planing Department Career planning department is working under Human Resource Management department. Career planning department is a new personnel function. Career planning department of TEVTA is focusing on to motivate their employees towards their jobs with high efficiently and effectiveness. Career planning department of TEVTA has deep focus on individual employee potentials for promotion towards the organization needs and opportunities. Career planning department also help and cooperate with all internees came in TEVTA. Main functions of Career planning department. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Guidance of students, internees, and organization employees. Developing of job specifications and job descriptions. Maintaining of some sort of HR records of employees. Conduct of workshops/seminars for Placement Officers. Placement of Internees under NIP. Leave Account Termination of contract VIRTUAL UNIVERISTY OF PAKISTAN 15 TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING AUTHORITY 16 ? ? Control absenteeism Short leave and late Attendance Fianancial Management Financial Management department handles the all money tax matters of and manages the financial resources of TEVTA and also leads the Administration department of TEVTA. Financial Management department performs the extensive responsibilities. Main function of Financial Management department ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Policy forming. Financial dicipline Financial analysis Tax matters Bugdeting Auiditing Internal Audit Physical Stocktaking Preparation of financial statements Sanctioning of Purchase Cases Release of Salary Development of Annual Budget and all procedures till approval Handling Financial Assistance Cases GPF Advance, Marriage, Funeral Grants Pension of PSIC Employees Release of LFA Administration Department Administration department perform all managerial functions. It handles three further departments, Diary and Dispatch department, Transport department, store department and to carry out any kind of security arrangements. Functions of Administration department ? Recruitment of contract employees in TEVTA secretariat and institutes all over the Punjab. VIRTUAL UNIVERISTY OF PAKISTAN 16. TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING AUTHORITY 17 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Maintenance of time in / time out register. Number of approval for local vehicles Record keeping of diary and dispatch, LFA, store section and transport section. Tenders open in the presence of purchase committee and the Bidders Examining demand preparing advertisement Submitting advertisement to Public Relation section Request for interview schedule to Appointing authority Short listing of candidates Call letters are issued Preparation of Marks Sheets/Files Consolidated marks sheet for signatures Establishment Department Functions of Establishment department ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Examination Give proposal Final shaping of the Case for getting Approval of the Competent Authority Preparing summary For SGAD / Finance etc Issuance of NOC to the nominee Decision / Minutes are put up for approval of authority to convey for implementation Coordinate meeting Receiving Complaints Preparing the case for probe / inquiry Amendments in service rules of TEVTA Postings and transfers House building advances Matters relating to PBTE. Managing all kind of leaves such as, medical leave, earned leave, study leave, extra ordinary leave. ? ? ? Deputation of cases. Marriage grants and funeral grants. Finance assistance cases. VIRTUAL UNIVERISTY OF PAKISTAN 17 TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING AUTHORITY 18 ? ? To deal with Chief Minister’s complaint cell. Governments Circulars and Notifications. Legal Department Legal department is responsible for preparation of cases and proposals on TEVTA activities to help TEVTA to avoid from legislations. Finalize the parawise comments and submit to the competent authority, get signed the parawise comments from the Authority, present the rough draft of parawise comments, file the parawise comments in the Court, attend the Court on each date of hearing present/explain the case if necessary, put up the court order to the authority for implementation, attend the Court on each date of hearing and present/explain the in the Court and to provide legal opinions to TEVTA authorities. Enquiry Department Enquiry department is responsible of conducting enquiry of inefficiencies, misconduct, corruption, absence record of teacher and employees all over the Punjab, subversive activities and disciplinary actions. They investigate the activities/cases against the state in TEVTA institutions and all district managers and zonal managers. The competent authority of Enquiry department is secretary TEVTA. Enquiry department receive the cases of enquiry from grade 17 scale officers to 22 grade scale officers from all over the Punjab. Functions of inquiry department is to generate enquiry report, conducting enquiry of absence, corruption, misconduct, inefficiencies and activities against state matters, prepare the charge sheet / penal of enquiry officers / departmental representative. Research and Development Department Research and development department is responsible for overall development of TEVTA and its institutions, exercise market research, training need assessment and to coordinate with curriculum department for in development of curricula. Research and Development have to identify new trades and technologies in the market and TEVTA intuitions all over the Punjab. Functions of research and development department, approval of action plans industry visits, meetings with the stakeholders, review of draft TNA report, preparation of organization plans, coordinate with curriculum department and keep on eye on VIRTUAL UNIVERISTY OF PAKISTAN 18 TECHNICAL EDUCATIONAL VOCATIONAL TRAINING AUTHORITY 19 changes development in sallybus, to plan, supervise and coordinate research and development activities in Punjab and to identify technologies trades at new intuitions Curriculum Department The responsibility of Curriculum development is to develop the curricula of TEVTA institutions. They develop the curricula of 3 year DAE classes, B. Tech classes, 1 year, 6 months and 3 months courses. But they have they authority of authentication the curricula of courses below the period of 3 years. 3 years a curriculum is approved by the NEVTEC the higher authority of TEVTA. Curriculum department evaluates revision and develop the curricula. Functions of Curriculum department ? Proposal for curricula development committee, curricula revision committee and curricula evaluation committee. ? ? ? Scrutiny of Proposal Approval of CDC/CRC/CEC Proposal for manual development committee, manual revision committee and manual evaluation committee. ? ? ? Approval of MDC / MRC / MEC Preparation of manual Approval of curricula below 3 years. Academics/Academic Audit Department The main responsibility of Academic Audit department is to conduct audit of all institutions registered by the TEVTA all over the Punjab. Academic Audit department audit the teachers lessons and the completion of lesson during the specified time period. They check student’s practical copies, attendance registers, institutes operating manual, training manual, play ground and practical equipments. They are also responsible to prepare academic calendar for all institutions all over the Punjab and for PBTE. Functions of AcademicsAcademic Aduit department ? ? ? ? Preparation of Rolling Plan for Academic Audit Vetting of Academic Audit Report Submission of Academic Audit Rep.

All About Florida Essay -- essays research papers fc

Did you know that for ever person that lives in Florida, four more people visit the state every year? Tourism makes up eighty-one percent of Florida’s gross state product. Also, â€Å"no trip is complete without tasting a fresh-picked orange or a slice of Key lime pie† (Heinrichs 11). The excellent weather and awesome beaches in Florida are irresistible to tourists. Florida’s early history, geography, climate, wildlife, and economy will be explained thoroughly in this paper.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Florida was first settled over 12,000 years ago when people from Asia migrated to the Americas over the Bering Land Bridge. The first European to set foot on the North American continent was the Spaniard Juan Ponce de Leà ³n. In Spain, there were rumors of a spring bubbling with the magical waters of youth (Heinrichs 15). He set out determined to uncover many rumors about the New World. On March 27th, 1513, he went ashore near present-day St. Augustine and called the area La Florida for one of two reasons. It was either because it was Easter time (Pascua Florida in Spanish) or because of all the flowers he found there (Florida is Spanish for â€Å"flowery†). Unfortunately, Leà ³n was killed by an Indian attack on his second expedition of the area in 1521. The next explorer to try his luck in Florida was Pà ¡nfilo de Narvà ¡ez. Gold was the object of his voyage to Florida, but he found none when he went ashore in Tampa Bay in 1528.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The first actual settlement in Florida and North America as well was Fort Caroline. It was built by French Protestants who needed refuge from persecution. The fort was built at the mouth of the St. John’s River. When King Philip II of Spain heard about the French colony, he sent Admiral Pedro Menà ©ndez de Avilà ©s to eliminate the fort. He set up a fort where Leà ³n originally landed and called it San Augustin (St. Augustine). This became the first European settlement in North America that still exists today. The Spanish colony thrived with 140 Franciscan missions and forts. However, by the 1700s, British and Indian raids burned out most of the mission forts. Florida went under British control in 1793 when the Seven Years’ War ended. However, Spain regained Florida when the American Revolution ended in 1783. Spain finally lost Florida to the United States in 1819 when the Adams-Onà ­s treaty was signed between the U.S. an... ...l eat: fish, crabs, shrimp, sharks and octopuses. Mines in Florida contain phosphate rock, petroleum, and natural gas, fuller’s earth, kaolin, limestone, thorium, and zircon.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Florida, nicknamed The Sunshine State, is a tourist and retiree magnet. The state’s high temperatures, exotic wildlife, and sunny skies attract people of all ages. Even the first Spanish explorers to the area thought it was a paradise. A leading producer of oranges, Florida’s economy is growing faster than any other state’s. From the shallow swamps of the Everglades of the south, to the â€Å"hammock† studded forests of the north, Florida is a truly unique state. Florida’s early history, geography, climate, wildlife, and economy stand out from other states. It is a state that should be visited at least once in a lifetime. Works Cited: Blakey, Arch F. â€Å"Florida†. World Book Encyclopedia. World Book Inc.2000. Vol. 7, pp. 242-265. â€Å"Florida Almanac from NETSTATE†. NETSTATE.COM [Online State Almanac] (NSTATE, rev. 2001, 1997; accessed 5 June, 2001); available from http://www.netstate.com/states/alma/fl_alma.htm. Heinrichs, Ann. Florida. Danbury, Connecticut: Children’s Press, 1998.

The Social Reality of Violence and Violent Crime

The book â€Å"The Social Reality of Violence and Violent Crime† by Henry H. Brownstein concerns a very critical and disturbing aspect of life of our modern society. Indeed, some of the most hotly debated topics today are in one way or another connected to violence, be they issues of adolescent crime, the high percentage of violent behavior at the workplace, in families, violence by drug addicts, etc.To put it simply – it must be acknowledged that the anxiety about violence as such within our society has become one of the most prominent elements of our world view. In this regard, the mentioned book by Henry H. Brownstein aims to accomplish a truly important task of uncovering the role that violence and violent crime play within our perception of the social reality that surrounds us.In accordance with this task and considering the complexity of the field of his study, the author of this work decided to maintain a live connection with his audience by means of collecting s tories from real life, which helps to characterize violence and violent crime in the United States from points of view of both individuals and social groups.This approach of the author is really important as in this way he manages to convincingly show how violence may be perceived differently by different people, and how those differences in perception of violence have developed in our society during the last century.Thus, the author`s views on the perception of violence are to a large degree based on the principles of social constructivism which state that our knowledge is not completely objective, but rather is to a certain degree subjectivity constructed by existing social influences (Brownstein 1999, p.3).I think that the useful tool that helped the author to achieve his aim was his ability to meld together his personal narratives and experiences of other people related to violence with excerpts from reports of media, official statistics, and research.As the author opens each ch apter with some story that helps readers properly understand what forms violence may take, where it exists, and what are probable reasons of its existence, readers can begin to see how all those complex and often seemingly separated from real life sociological concepts in fact stem from concrete historical and cultural conditions of our society.Indeed, even though it might sound quite sad, it seems that for many of us who were lucky to avoid personal encounters with violence it takes only shocking stories of real victims of violence and violent offenders to be able to see violence not as a merely dry statistics but as a terrible reality.At the same time, I think that one of the merits of Brownstein is that along with his personalized approach to interpretation of place of violence in our lives he nevertheless does not forget about more general social considerations and at the end of every chapter also discusses relevant social policies.This allusion to the realm of political decisio n-making is valuable as such because of the competence of the author, and at the same time it helps complete the picture of how violence is socially constructed, because policies towards violence too often impose upon us some fixed and almost compulsory perception of it.Finally, I feel that aside from his academic talent, Brownstein managed to convey to readers some fine nuances of his personal, even intimate, perception of violence. This is done in a very subtle way through his writing style and his ability to depict moods of people and his personal experiences. For example, he begins his book with a very impressive description of his visit to the infamous Sing Sing prison, and as he described his slow advance thought a series of security points and bars, I felt as if coming closer and closer to something truly terrible. However, the story of the man whom Brownstein interviewed in Sing Sing left me somewhat baffled due to its ambiguity.On one hand, the author described the case of a dangerous murderer, but on the other hand left me wondering whether the circumstantial evidence against him based on his cocaine usage was sufficient to be sure in his guilt. This story vividly illustrates the power of stereotypes that shape our perception of violence, and serves as a good start for the author`s endeavor to shed light on this complex phenomenon.SourcesBrownstein, H., H. (1999). The Social Reality of Violence and Violent Crime. Allyn & Bacon.

The Glass Ceiling Is An Invisible Barrier At The Top Of...

Most females will never be able to shatter the glass ceiling because corporate America is male dominated. Although few have made it to the top of the corporate ladder, a man will override women in many professions. Female’s are paid less than their male counterparts across multiple industries in the United States. The â€Å"glass ceiling† is an invisible barrier at the top of the corporate ladder. The glass ceiling has always been a particular problem in the labor market, especially with the advancement of capitalism. The glass ceiling is predominant in a workplace, this is when a male can continue to receive promotions and go further up in a managerial hierarchy. While women will stop receiving promotions at a certain point and are†¦show more content†¦This was altered when author Betty Friedan publishes The Feminine Mystique in 1963 (Lawson, Professional Communications). Women all around the United States had this novel and realized they were bored with the t raditional life of homemaking and child raising. These women wanted a career, and through education opportunities they had career options. Chicanas and African Americans faced oppressive discrimination on education, politics, and employment. Women all over were seeking equality but women of color found it far more difficult. Today, on average women make 22% less per hour than men, women of color make even less (Lawson, Professional Communications). This is true even in occupations historically dominated by women. Women earn exactly 74 cent to every dollar a man earns in the same job, even having similar education (Lawson, Professional Communications). The pay should be the same for the same jobs, but many companies pay men a higher salary than women for the same job causing sex discrimination. Sexism happens almost everyday in the workplace. There is a large gender stereotype everyone is taught when they grow up. This stereotype is portrayed in the reading Feminism: A Transfor mational Politic by bell hooks, â€Å"men should have greater authority than women† (hooks, 468). In reality, women are not always dominated by their male counterpart, women are becoming more independent and strong. hooksShow MoreRelatedThe And Glass Ceiling Is Real1561 Words   |  7 Pages2017 And Glass Ceiling Is Real In the United States of America, men seem to want full control. Corporations, organizations, schools even religions have been created by men and for men and they have great opposition to women infiltrating their management positions. Men have created glass ceilings for women in the workplace. A glass ceiling is an artificial barrier that allows women to see the top of the corporate ladder, but at the same time denies them access to the higher rungs of that ladder. WomenRead MoreThe Glass Ceiling and How Gender Discrimination Affects Women1277 Words   |  6 PagesThe Glass Ceiling and How Gender Discrimination Affects Women Does Father really know best? In Corporate America, men seem to want full control. Our organizations have been created by men for men and they have great opposition to women infiltrating their management positions. Men have created glass ceilings for women in the workplace. A glass ceiling is an artificial barrier that allows women to see the top of the corporate ladder but at the same time denies them access to the higher rungsRead MoreEssay The Glass Ceiling2435 Words   |  10 PagesThe â€Å"Glass Ceiling† is the term giving to the invisible obstacles sometimes found in the workforce. The barriers that limit women’s and minorities progress toward employment equity extend from the glass ceiling at the top of corporations to the floor of low paying jobs in the labor market. These barriers are created by a process at exclusion that continuously eliminates women, minorities, and other underprivileged groups from being candidates of higher positions. When a com pany exercises thisRead MoreEssay on Glass Ceiling1231 Words   |  5 PagesThe Concept of the Glass Ceiling Women from birth are looked at as inferior to men. As a society we label babies by the color of their blanket when they are born. Boys are given blue as girls are given pink blankets. This from the start separates the two genders. As boys grow they are given action figures and are taught to play rough games, and girls are given dolls and taught to play nice. These differences continue to cause a gap between the two genders. As the American society has progressedRead MoreThe Perceived Challenges of Women in Leadership Positions That Prevents Them from Climbing the Corporate Ladder2114 Words   |  9 Pagesfrom Climbing the Corporate Ladder Introduction For years, women have encountered gender bias in the corporate environment. Men have dominated the workplace making it difficult for women to advance in power and leadership. Gender bias has become problematic for the career oriented women creating barriers such as stereotyping, job advancement, power imbalance, and unequal wages. Hymowitz and Schellhardt (1986) described the challenges as invisible barriers, the glass ceiling that prevents womenRead MoreThe Glass Ceiling: A Human Capitalist Perspective Essay1435 Words   |  6 Pages The glass ceiling is an invisible barrier preventing women and minorities from advancing into upper management (Bell 67). Despite extensive legislation and the widespread implementation of equal opportunity policies, there is still widespread structural inequality and job segregation in organizations throughout the United States. The level of the `glass ceiling varies among organizations and is reflected in different employment patterns, hiring pr actices, and promotion plans (Adler 451). TheRead MoreThe Glass Ceiling : A Human Capitalist Perspective1687 Words   |  7 PagesThe Glass Ceiling: A Human Capitalist Perspective The glass ceiling is an invisible barrier preventing women and minorities from advancing into upper management (Bell 67). Despite extensive legislation and the widespread implementation of equal opportunity policies, there is still widespread structural inequality and job segregation in organizations throughout the United States. The level of the `glass ceiling varies among organizations and is reflected in different employment patterns, hiringRead MoreWomen s Leadership And The Barriers That Women Face Essay1712 Words   |  7 PagesWomen are essential to the world, without women the world would not be able to continue to populate and grow. So why are women not given the credit that they deserve in the corporate world? In this paper I will be discussing what women go through in leadership, the pros and cons of women in leadership and the barriers that women face in the work place. I will also discuss the role that men play in leadership and the different leadership styles that men have compared to women. In this paperRead MoreGender Is A Biological And Physiological Phenomenon2510 Words   |  11 Pagesdefined by David Cotter (1984) and his Glass Ceiling Theory . Glass Ceiling Theory (Cotter, 1984: 655) defines his theory as an unofficial or unacknowledged barrier within an organisation’s hierarchy that prevents personal advancement, especially for women. The term ‘Glass Ceiling’ was popularised in the 1980’s and became an important concept in the workplace. The term evolved to include all minorities, with the word â€Å"ceiling† describing a barrier that women experience as they try to advanceRead More The Glass Ceiling - Does It Still Exist? Essay2695 Words   |  11 PagesThe Glass Ceiling - Does It Still Exist? There are many questions that come to mind when looking at the structure of any organizations. Within the social organization, employees face many challenges such as sexual harassment, violence, rape, depression, and discrimination. These issues in their respective organizations are a hindrance to their success and can cause their personal and career development to suffer. But the key factor that will be focused regarding discrimination is womens struggles

The Vampire in Folklore vs the Vampire in Literature

The vampire, from folklore to literature is described as a â€Å"dead person that awakens in the night to suck the blood out of the living†. (Bartlett, pg 1) The evolution of the vampire itself has seen drastic changes from the time of the vampire in folklore; where he was seen as a scapegoat, being the cause of the plagues and had to be killed to restore a healthy civilization to, Bram Stocker’s literary vampire; where the vampire had become the heroic figure and had to be blamed for all the victims that had past. Both of these are based on the Penguin English definition of a vampire but how is it that the vampire today has changed so drastically from the one people feared in legends and folklore. One can say that the vampire in literature has†¦show more content†¦Throughout the story of Lord Byron, we find out later on that he is a vampire and that he has very much so human characteristics. Edward is the same since he tends to have human emotions for a girl. Carol A. Sanf sais so herself when making this statement .â€Å" twentieth century writers and directors often portray the vampire as a more sympathetic character than he had been in either folklore or literature.† (Senf, pg 3) Although Lord Byron might not have shown sympathetic emotions, we see him as the hero because he tries to resolve the conflicts that have arose throughout the story. The movie Twilight does this even more by making Edward fight his superiors for a girl he has feelings for. Lastly we have noticed that the vampire in movies often starts to have feelings for a girl that has become more than sexual attention. The Lilith from Stu Burns â€Å"A short history of vampire folklore† is seen as a demon that has sex with men before eating the flesh out of them. These characteristics are very familiar in folklore because vampires would often show sexual attention before eating their victims. In the 20th century vampire, we see him has having emotions for his victim and wanting to turn his victim into a vampire as well so that they can live happily together. Just like in Twilight, in Softly While You’re sleeping by Evelyn E. Smith the vampireShow MoreRelatedThe Romantic Period Stressed Instincts, Affection, and Love1422 Words   |  6 PagesRomantic Period[PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from http://fr.slideshare.net/babu78/the-romantic-period The Romantic movement and its influence on literature The Rise of Dark-romanticism (Gothicism) Nineteenth century English literature was vastly impacted by the ethos of the Romantic movement. This Romantic impact on literature was so colossal that it was easily gauged just by considering its features, which we will discuss here. According to the pioneers of the Romantic movement creativeRead MoreBram Stoker s Dracula And Richard Matheson s I Am Legend2160 Words   |  9 PagesStoker’s Dracula and Richard Matheson’s I Am Legend, the mythical horror creatures, the vampires, have many differences in their mythical abilities, functionality and origin; however, they both serve to underline themes that remind the reader of what makes us human and what defines us as ultimately good or evil. Stoker’s Count Dracula is the product of a religious strike against the antagonist whereas the vampires in I Am Legend are a product of mankind’s scientific ignorance and indifference. Due toRead MoreEssay on Dexter: The Dark Passenger1752 Words   |  8 Pagesserial killer to a very protective father and brother. His main conflict is being internal (character vs self). He is always second guessing himself based on his generalizations and Harry’s idea. Which in return makes it harder for Dexter to make choices for what is best for him. In addition, the idea of monsters trying to become men is a recurring theme in literature and folklore (Vampires, Werewolves, Fairytales, and more modern movies and television). Street hoods in gangster movies wanting

The Battle of Britain and Sir Winston Churchill Essay

The Battle of Britain and Sir Winston Churchill Shortly after the Battle of Britain Sir Winston Churchill, the prime minister of Great Britain, is quoted as exclaiming, Never in the field of human conflict was so much owed by so many to so few. The few that Churchill was referring to were the brave aircrew that undertook the daunting task of repelling the massive offensive by the dreaded German air corps, the Luftwaffe. In the year 1940 Adolf Hitler ordered an offensive in coordination with an attempted invasion of the isle of Britain. The only way Hitler was going to accomplish this great feat was the assert the power of his Air Force. In November of 1940 after months of constant bombardment of the English coastal cities, the†¦show more content†¦Lastly, the least know function of the RCAF was the defense and institution of the Canadian Home War Establishment. These three roles of the RCAF were the basis for the Allied forces air corps. The British Commonwealth Training Plan (BLATP) was the program started in a joi nt effort by the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, and Canada. The agreement was signed in 1939 to form what Roosevelt would call, the aerodrome of democracy. In April of 1940 the first air school opened in Canada. The task of opening this school fell to four thousand aircrew that needed to form dozens of schools to train airmen. The original school was able to produce 520 pilots with elementary education in air combat. Out of every hundred pilots that graduated from the school anywhere between sixty and sixty-five were Canadian.ii When the program ended at the conclusion of the war they had opened a total of ninety-seven schools and had successfully trained 82,000 airmen in three years. The Canadian trained pilots were the backbone of the Allied offensive battles and defensive support of World War II. The defense of Canada fell under the command of two division of the RCAF, the Eastern Air Command and the Western Air Command. The purpose of the Eastern Air Command was to defend the Canadian and American coasts against German U-Boat. The first 18 months of the war were relatively quiet, but from the spring of 1941, the resources of EAC were taxed to their utmost limits in theShow MoreRelatedWinston Churchill : The Prime Minister Of The United Kingdom Essay1393 Words   |  6 Pages Winston Churchill Amelia Kuntz Mr. Thompson Contemporary Studies December 15, 2016 Amelia Kuntz Mr. Thompson Contemporary Studies December 15, 2016 Winston Churchill Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill was born on November 30th, 1874. He was known as many things in the positions he served, but he was most remembered as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. Winston Churchill had many successesRead MoreSir Winston Churchill Essay1225 Words   |  5 PagesSir Winston Churchill Introduction Few leaders stand out in the history of the twentieth century more than Sir Winston Churchill. Remembered mainly as Great Britains prime minister who led the first successful stand against Adolf Hitlers Nazi Germany, he showed the world the importance of democracy and liberty by leading the battle against fascism and dictatorship. Churchill appeared headed for greatness even at his birth in 1874; his grandfather was the first Duke of MarlboroughRead MoreWinston Churchill, The Politician, The Speaker, The Prime1120 Words   |  5 PagesWinston Churchill, the politician, the speaker, the prime minister, the man who came up with the saying â€Å"Keep Calm and Carry On†. He was all these things, but also much more. Winston Churchill was born on November thirteenth 1874 to a famous British duke family. His father was Lord Randolph, a politician, and his mother was an American. They both somewhat abandoned him as a child, sending him to preparatory school to get in trouble and then to Harrow at age fourteen where he was told he had no academicRead MoreEssay on Winston Churchill1479 Words   |  6 Pages Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Winston Churchill was one of the most influential people in this century. He held many offices, jobs, and positions that greatly affected the life of the British, and the history of the world. In Blenheim Palace at Woodstock on November 30th, 1874, Winston Churchill was born.1 He grew up as the first child of Lord Randolph Churchill.2 Lord Randolph Churchill held a seat as a member of Parliament and was considered a notable politicianRead Moreâ€Å"Courage is the first of human qualities because it is the quality that guarantees all the others†600 Words   |  3 Pagesquality that guarantees all the others† – Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Chruchill (1874-1965). Is there a formula that results in someone being a great leader? Is it a trait that people are born with? Is it a trait that can be learned and developed over time? Or is it a function of desire, determination, and courage? In the case of Sir Winston Churchill, the answer is all of the above. Born of wealthy, prominent parents, his father, Lord Randolph Churchill was a leader in the Conservative party andRead MoreWinston Churchill Essay1338 Words   |  6 Pagesself-confidence translated well into politics, enhancing his leadership. He is the man who assumes control. He is Winston Churchill. Winston Churchill is widely considered influential to all with whom he graced his presence with. His ability to lead the United Kingdom, enduring the perils of both World War II and the Cold War, go beyond his decorations in the military and literature. Sir Winston Churchill was born into affluence. He was born on the 21,000 acre estate of the Dukes of Marlborough (Churchill1Read MoreWinston Churchill As An Important Politician And War Hero From A Young Age1832 Words   |  8 PagesAidan O’Brien As Winston Churchill once said, â€Å"To improve is to change; to be perfect is to change often† and he did just that. Winston Churchill lived in a time where change was necessary in society. The world itself was evolving. He helped shape the outcomes of many events in his lifetime including two major world wars and government struggles across his England. Churchill devoted his life to making the world a stronger and better place. Winston Churchill played a crucial role in influencing historyRead MoreWinston Leonard Spencer Churchill s Life Essay1651 Words   |  7 PagesWinston Leonard Spencer-Churchill was born on November 30 1874 at Blenheim Palace, Oxfordshire to Lord Randolph Churchill, a British statesman and Jeanette Jerome, a New York socialite. Upon entering grade school, Churchill was characterized as being very independent and disobedient. After failing school twice, Churchill’s parents decided to send him to Harrow School, a boarding school located near Lon don. While there he joined the Harrow Rifle Corps. After his third attempt at the entrance examRead MoreSir Winston Churchill Of Blenheim Palace Woodstock England1571 Words   |  7 Pages Sir Winston Churchill of blenheim palace woodstock england By Jack Sherman  Winston Churchill s life had been a constant mess of events leading to his fight against Adolf Hitler s threat to own Europe. After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Churchill lead a successful joined strategy with the us president and Joseph Stalin during WWII to defeat the Axis powers and create after war peace. After the breakdown of the alliance, he notified the West to the expansionist threat of the sovietsRead MoreA Brief Biography of Sir Winston Churchill Essay885 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Socialism is a philosophy of failure, the creed of ignorance and the gospel of envy. It’s inherent virtue is the equal sharing of misery(Sir Winston Churchill).† During World War I and II, much of Europe was taken over and placed into the slavery of socialism and of Adolf Hitler. While much of Europe was sitting on their hands over the crisis of Hitler, Churchill stood strong and knocked the Nazi general back into his place. Most European governments pre-World War II held total authority over its

Makes the audience Essay Example For Students

Makes the audience Essay The inspector slowly says are you sure you dont know. Then he looks at Gerald, then at Eric, then at Sheila. By looking at them all separately you guess all three of them have had a part in the girls life that has made her commit suicide. This creates tension by wanting know what they even though they have never heard her name. Looking at them individually is like hes trying to read their minds and this scares them and will worry them making them feel guilty which will show on their faces. The Inspector tells Birling what Birling thought the inspector wouldnt be able to answer. The inspector gives a list of all the problems the girl had with in her life after she was sacked. The inspector says so after two months with no work, no money coming in, and living in lodgings, with no relatives to help her, few friends, lonely, half-starved, she was feeling desperate. The list creates a lot of tension by the sentences getting shorter and the inspector saying the list as if it was obvious what would happen to her. The inspector makes Birling look even worse to the audience by saying this is Birling done to her life from sacking her. Because Birling looks bad capitalism looks bad. Birling believes the women who work in his company are just investments for an increase in money. Sheila says But these girls arent cheap labour theyre people. Birling doesnt care if he pays lower wages than the women deserve as long as he makes money. Birling probably thinks he is helping them by giving them a job. Birling says sacking the girl had nothing to do with her committing suicide that was two years I sacked her. Nearly two years ago obviously it has nothing whatever to do with the wretched girls suicide. Eh, Inspector? The inspector replies saying No, sir. I cant agree with you there. Birling quite angry about the inspector not agreeing with him says Why not? Birling wouldnt like this because he believes he is always correct and we no hes probably wrong from what he said in his speech. So the audience prefers to believe the inspector rather than Birling and we then think socialism is better than capitalism. When Sheila finds out Eva Smith was sacked from Milwards for a customer complaining she becomes agitated. Sheila wants to know more and says staring at him, agitated When was this? Then the Sheila says What what did this girl look like? The audience feel Sheila is arrogant but she knows she has done wrong and she feels guilty. Shes starting to get nervous hoping it wasnt her who made the girls life worse and being involved in the chain of events before her suicide. Sheila looks at the photograph knows she was the customer that got the fired and runs out the room. He produces the photograph. She looks at it closely, recognizes it with a little cry, gives a half stifled sob, and then runs out. Sheila running out cry bewilders the other three and Birling gets angry with the inspector and says, We were having a nice little family celebration tonight. And a nasty mess youve made of it now, havent you. This reminds the audience they were all relaxed at the start of the play and the tension has increased a lot more since the inspector arrived. Gerald and Eric become very tense when they are the people left in the room with the inspector. The inspector hints that all of them have a part in the chain of events towards the suicide. .u709b7c11470ae6594fa149948f381b89 , .u709b7c11470ae6594fa149948f381b89 .postImageUrl , .u709b7c11470ae6594fa149948f381b89 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u709b7c11470ae6594fa149948f381b89 , .u709b7c11470ae6594fa149948f381b89:hover , .u709b7c11470ae6594fa149948f381b89:visited , .u709b7c11470ae6594fa149948f381b89:active { border:0!important; } .u709b7c11470ae6594fa149948f381b89 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u709b7c11470ae6594fa149948f381b89 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u709b7c11470ae6594fa149948f381b89:active , .u709b7c11470ae6594fa149948f381b89:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u709b7c11470ae6594fa149948f381b89 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u709b7c11470ae6594fa149948f381b89 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u709b7c11470ae6594fa149948f381b89 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u709b7c11470ae6594fa149948f381b89 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u709b7c11470ae6594fa149948f381b89:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u709b7c11470ae6594fa149948f381b89 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u709b7c11470ae6594fa149948f381b89 .u709b7c11470ae6594fa149948f381b89-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u709b7c11470ae6594fa149948f381b89:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: An Inspector Calls - Differences and Comparisons Of Arthur B. And Sheila B. EssayGerald becomes uneasy and says, Well, I dont suppose I have - but Eric suddenly burst out saying, Look here, Ive had enough of this. Audience think Gerald and Eric arent as tough as they show they are and that they deserve what they get. They are both getting very tense at whats happened to their celebration has been demolished. The inspector says short and direct sentences to them dryly I dare say. He cuts in when Eric says hes had enough and the inspector knows he has but he has to stay because he has an important part to play still yet and if he goes he will just have to come back. The audience just want to know what Eric has done to be in the chain of events. Gerald says after all, yknow, were respectable citizens and not criminals. The inspector gives an ironic reply and you want to know what he knows about them Sometimes there isnt much difference as you think. The inspector is also saying everyone can be a criminal sometime in there life. Sheila re-enters the room and tells the truth about what she had done to make herself run out the room in tears. Because she tells the whole truth and is distressed about whats she done and regrets it the inspector softens up on her. Sheila admits, It was my own fault because she was in a bad temper and jealous. The audience like the inspector for softening up on Sheila as she is telling the truth and rather distressed about what she done. After Sheila has confessed everything to the inspector he becomes aggressive again and doesnt care what she says shes guilty anyway. Sheila says, if I could help her now, I would- The inspector cuts in telling her she cant change what shes done and she should except the consequences. The inspector says in a harsh voice Yes, but you cant. Its too late. Shes dead. This is a harsh thing for the inspector to say but it is the truth and straight to the point. Tension is created because after the inspector being nice he turns back to his usual harsh self. When the inspector says the name Eva smith changed to Gerald is startled. The inspector tells them what she done next with her life Now she had to try something else. So first she changed her name to Daisy Renton- Gerald cutting in is startled and says What? None of them know why Gerald suddenly got even tenser from hearing the name. Gerald the wants a drink showing hes very shocked but he tries to then act normal again. Gerald tries to pull himself together and says, Dyou mind if I give myself a drink, Sheila? Its obvious he knows its all going to go down hill for him now from that name being mention. Gerald confesses to seeing another women and tries to tell Sheila they dont have anything to do with the murder. Once Gerald has admitted it all and Sheila has told him to stop being an idiot and that the inspector already knows so he cant lie. Gerald says, You dont. Neither of us does. So for gods sake dont say anything to the inspector. Sheila has realised the inspector knows everything that happened to the girl that committed suicide and she laughs hysterically at Gerald for being shocked, nervous and acting naive. The inspector walks in and just says well? Which finishes Act One on a cliffhanger because you want to know whether the inspector was listening through the door or if he already knew? The beginning of the act is a party and everyone is happy and cheerful but at the end of the act Gerald, Birling, Sheila and Eric are very tense and shocked. .ua612a25eabf3bb49ffab642537b9db91 , .ua612a25eabf3bb49ffab642537b9db91 .postImageUrl , .ua612a25eabf3bb49ffab642537b9db91 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua612a25eabf3bb49ffab642537b9db91 , .ua612a25eabf3bb49ffab642537b9db91:hover , .ua612a25eabf3bb49ffab642537b9db91:visited , .ua612a25eabf3bb49ffab642537b9db91:active { border:0!important; } .ua612a25eabf3bb49ffab642537b9db91 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua612a25eabf3bb49ffab642537b9db91 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua612a25eabf3bb49ffab642537b9db91:active , .ua612a25eabf3bb49ffab642537b9db91:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua612a25eabf3bb49ffab642537b9db91 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua612a25eabf3bb49ffab642537b9db91 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua612a25eabf3bb49ffab642537b9db91 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua612a25eabf3bb49ffab642537b9db91 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua612a25eabf3bb49ffab642537b9db91:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua612a25eabf3bb49ffab642537b9db91 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua612a25eabf3bb49ffab642537b9db91 .ua612a25eabf3bb49ffab642537b9db91-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua612a25eabf3bb49ffab642537b9db91:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Book of blood EssayBut miss Birling has been out of the act ever since the inspector arrived and has only been involved in the party. The atmosphere is very tense now unlike the start where it was a happy celebration. The unity of place for An Inspector Calls is only in the lounge. This creates more tension because the audience can just focus on one place so its easier to know whats happening and imagine the setting. The unity of action for An Inspector Calls is only one plot line the girls suicide. Having just the girls suicide makes the audience able to understand whats happening and increases the tension. An Inspector Calls time to watch and the playtime is the same, which makes it more tense and easier to concentrate on what the time is in the play. Tension is increased in An Inspector Calls throughout the play. First the atmosphere is happy and they are having a celebration. Hints of tension are lights changing to white harsh light and Eric acting unusual. Preistley gives you detailed opening staged directions of the celebration. He describes what each character is like so you know if they are acting strange. When the inspector arrives the amount of tension increases tremendously. The inspector reveals secrets each of the characters have and telling all the other characters. The audience want to know how he knew so much and he ends Act One in a cliffhanger by saying just well? The tension increases by the inspector falling out with each character one by one. The inspector knows they are all selfish, lying, snobs and doesnt care what they say but they should accept the punishment. So Preistley is very subtle in creating and increasing the tension in the play.